The purpose of food warmers is to keep food temperatures above the Hazard Analysis & Critical Control Point (HACCP) danger zone. The HACCP danger zone is identified as 41°F to 135°F, which is the temperature range where most pathogens will multiply in foods. Between 70°F and 125°F, pathogens grow most rapidly. Therefore, food that is held between 41°F and 135°F may become time-temperature abused and could lead to serious or fatal illnesses in guests.
Food warmers and rethermalizers can help to keep food at safe holding temperatures. Food warmers keep hot, prepared food above the danger zone; chilled or frozen food that is placed in a warmer will not reheat and rise above the danger zone, resulting in time-temperature abuse. If you are reheating food, it must be warmed by other means (e.g. a stovetop, an oven), then placed in a warmer. Unlike regular food warmers, rethermalizers can heat chilled or frozen foods through the danger zone to a safe holding temperature in the same unit.
When choosing which countertop food warmer or rethermalizer is right for you, the unit's capacity, the food pan or inset configurations needed, the control type, and any included safety features are all factors to consider prior to purchasing.
Capacity is the most important factor to consider with food warmers. Look for each warmer's capacity prior to purchase so you know that it can accommodate your needs. Soup kettles can range from 4 quarts to 22 quarts, while countertop warmers are usually classified by the size and number of pans they hold.
Some countertop warmers can fit a combination of different size pans and insets. This is helpful for restaurant kitchens that need to keep certain foods together in one location for ease-of-serving or space constraints. A full-size warmer could hold one full-size pan, two half-size pans, three 1/3 pans, or it could fit one 2/3 pan and one 1/3 pan. There are many food pan sizes to create a layout that works well for your needs.
Pan depths also vary from 3/4" to 8" or more. Look at the depth of your warmer, leaving at least one inch of space for water, to determine the depths your pans should have.
Food warmers typically come with two options for control type: infinite and thermostatic.
An infinite control's temperature knob ranges from "Low" to "High".
A thermostatic control's temperature knob features individual settings for specific temperatures.
Food can fall into the danger zone if water levels are too low in your countertop warmer and the machine itself can be damaged. To help your staff monitor and maintain more than one warmer along a buffet line, some units include a water indicator light that turns on when the water gets too low in the machine. When the low water indicator light comes on, your staff will know it's time to refill the machine without the hassle of lifting out pans of food to check the water level. This also reduces the chance for cross-contamination by ensuring your staff is only moving food pans and refilling the well when absolutely necessary.
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